Yes, Abebe Bikila from Ethiopia won the Olympic Marathon in 1960 in Rome running barefoot. Zola Budd of South Africa running for Great Britain also rose to fame in 1985 running in the Olympics in her bare feet but she fell and also was falsely accused of tripping American Mary Decker.
In my case it's not for speed, but rather for a reduction of shock to the joints. As crazy as it seems, it really does reduce the shock by 50% or more depending on the person.
Minimalist shoes do not work, as was proven last week when Vibram agreed to settle a multi million dollar lawsuit regarding their Five Finger line of neoprene "toe" shoes.
Here's an interesting history of barefoot running from Wikipedia including the current trend that began around 6 years ago.
They even mention our running club but the numbers are old......we now have over 6,000 members.
My wife and I ran a race in Downtown Ferndale yesterday, and despite the heavy partying that must have gone on Sat night (no shortage of freshly broken glass around early in the morning) not a scratch reported by any of the barefoot runners.
History
Throughout most of human history, running was performed while barefoot or in thin-soled shoes such as
moccasins. This practice continues today in
Kenya and among the
Tarahumara people of northern Mexico.
[1] Historians believe that the runners of
Ancient Greece ran barefoot. According to legend,
Pheidippides, the first
marathoner, ran from
Athens to
Sparta in less than 36 hours.
[2] After the
Battle of Marathon, it is said he ran straight from the battlefield to Athens to inform the Athenians of the Greek victory over Persia.
[3]
Pheidippides
Modern barefoot running first rose to prominence in 1960, when
Abebe Bikila of
Ethiopia won the
Olympic marathon in Rome barefoot after discovering that
Adidas, the Olympic shoe supplier, had run out of shoes in his size. He was in pain because he had received shoes that were too small, so he decided to simply run barefoot; Bikila had trained running barefoot prior to the Olympics.
[4] He would go on to defend his Olympic title four years later in Tokyo while wearing shoes and setting a new world record.
British runner
Bruce Tulloh competed in many races during the 1960s while barefoot, and won the gold medal in the 1962 European Games 5,000 metre race.
[5]
In the 1970s,
Shivnath Singh, one of
India's greatest long distance runners, was known for always running barefoot with only tape on his feet.
[6]
During the 1980s, a South African runner,
Zola Budd, became known for her barefoot running style as well as training and racing barefoot. She won the
1985 and
1986 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and competed in the
1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.
[7] Kenyan runner
Tegla Loroupe began running barefoot 10 km (6.2 mi) to and from school every day at the age of seven. She performed well in contests at school, and in 1988, won a prestigious
cross country barefoot race. She went on to compete, both barefoot and shod, in several international competitions, marathons, and half-marathons. She won the
Goodwill Games over 10,000 metres, barefoot, and was the first African woman to win the
New York City Marathon in 1994, winning again in 1998.
[8]

A barefoot man in robes running while holding a stick (1878)
In the early 21st century, barefoot running has gained a small yet significant following on the fringe of the larger running community. Organizers of the 2010
New York City Marathon saw an increase in the number of barefoot runners participating in the event.
[9] The practice saw a surge in popularity after the 2009 publication of
Christopher McDougall's book,
Born to Run, promoting the practice.
[10][11] In the
United States, the Barefoot Runners Society was founded in November 2009 as a national club for unshod runners. By November 2010, the organization claimed 1,345 members, nearly double the 680 members it had when it was founded.
[9]
One barefoot runner,
Rick Roeber, has been running barefoot since 2003, and has run more than 50 marathons, 2 ultra-marathons of 40 miles, and over 17,000 miles (27,000 km) all barefoot.
[12] Other prominent barefoot runners include Ken Bob Saxton, known as the "godfather of barefoot running", and Todd Byers, a barefoot marathon runner from
Seattle who has run over 100 marathons barefoot.
[13] On 8 December 2006, Nico Surings of
Eindhoven, Netherlands, became the fastest person to run 100 meters (330 feet) on
ice while barefoot, completing the task in 17.35 seconds.
[14] And on 12 December 2010, the Barefoot Runners of India Foundation (BRIF) organised a 21 km (13 mi) barefoot half-marathon at
Kharghar near the Indian city of
Mumbai. The run had 306 participants.
[15]
In 2011, the
United States Air Force began development of a program to support barefoot or minimalist running in its ranks. One of the leaders of the program was Lieutenant Colonel Mark Cucuzzella, who won the 2011
United States Air Force Marathon in a time of 2:38:48 while wearing minimalist running shoes.
[16]
On 1 April 2012, runner Rae Heim embarked on a 3,000-plus mile barefoot run from
Boston, Massachusetts to
Manhattan Beach, California. She is raising money for a Tennessee-based organization, Soles4Souls, who will deliver one pair of shoes to needy children for each dollar raised by Heim.
[17] And on 23 June 2012, Robert Knowles, of
Brisbane, Australia, set two Guinness World Records for both the Fastest 100 km Barefoot and the Longest Distance Run Barefoot in 24 Hours, as part of the Sri Chinmoy Sydney 24 Hour Race. He logged 166.444 km (103.424 mi), or 416 laps on the Blacktown International Sportspark track, barefoot.
[18]